Alpha thalassemia is diagnosed through a combination of clinical evaluation, blood tests, and genetic analysis. Early detection is crucial, especially for severe forms, to prevent complications. Some of the common tests include:
- Complete blood count (CBC): This test is advised by the doctor to check the red blood cell levels, hemoglobin, and red cell size.
- Hemoglobin electrophoresis: This lab test can detect what type of hemoglobin is present.
- Ferritin: This test checks if the individual has iron-deficiency anemia.
- DNA testing: It is done to identify which alpha-globin genes are present, absent, or damaged.
The treatment for this disorder depends on the individual’s symptoms, age, and health. The treatments include folic acid supplementation, blood transfusion, spleen removal, and iron chelation therapy, among others.
